思科网络词典—A（续2）
敬业的IT人
互联网
佚名
2008-2-1 12:16:39
alarm indication signal. In a T1 transmission, an all-ones signal transmitted in lieu of the normal signal to maintain transmission continuity and to indicate to the receiving terminal that there is a transmission fault that is located either at, or upstream from, the
transmitting terminal. See also T1.
alarm
SNMP message notifying an operator or administrator of a network problem. See also event and trap.
alarm indication signal
See AIS.
a-law
ITU-T companding standard used in the conversion between analog and digital signals in PCM systems. A-law is used primarily in European telephone networks and is similar to the North American mu-law standard. See also companding and mu-law.
algorithm
Well-defined rule or process for arriving at a solution to a problem. In networking,algorithms are commonly used to determine the best route for traffic from a particular source to a particular destination.
alias
See entity.
alignment error
In IEEE 802.3 networks, an error that occurs when the total number of bits of a received frame is not divisible by eight. Alignment errors are usually caused by frame damage due to collisions.
A-link
SS7 access link. Dedicated SS7 signaling link not physically associated with any particular link carrying traffic.
allowed cell rate
See ACOM.
all-rings explorer packet
See all-routes explorer packet.
all-routes explorer packet
Explorer packet that traverses an entire SRB network, following all possible paths to a specific destination. Sometimes called all-rings explorer packet. See also explorer packet, local explorer packet, and spanning explorer packet.
ALO transaction
ATP transaction in which the request is repeated until a response is received by the requester or until a maximum retry count is reached. This recovery mechanism ensures that the transaction request is executed at least once. See also ATP.
alternate mark inversion
See AMI.
AM
amplitude modulation. Modulation technique whereby information is conveyed through the amplitude of the carrier signal. Compare with FM and PAM. See also modulation.
AMA
Automatic Messaging Accounting. In OSS, the automatic collection, recording, and processing of information relating to calls for billing purposes.
AMADNS
AMAData Networking System. In OSS, the next generation (formerly Bellcore) system for the collection and transport of AMA data from central office switches to a billing system. See also AMA.
AMATPS
AMA Teleprocessing System. In OSS, the Bellcore legacy system for collecting and transporting AMA data from central office switches to a billing system. The AMATPS consists of an AMA transmitter and a collector. See also AMA.
American National Standards Institute
See ANP.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
See ASCII.
AMI
alternate mark inversion. Line-code type used on T1 and E1 circuits. In AMI, zeros are represented by 01 during each bit cell, and ones are represented by 11 or 00, alternately, during each bit cell. AMI requires that the sending device maintain ones density. Ones
density is not maintained independently of the data stream. Sometimes called binary coded alternate mark inversion. Compare with B8ZS. See also ones density.
amplitude
Maximum value of an analog or a digital waveform.
amplitude modulation
See AM.
analog transmission
Signal transmission over wires or through the air in which information is conveyed through the variation of some combination of signal amplitude, frequency, and phase.
ANI
automatic number identification. SS7 (signaling system 7) feature in which a series of digits, either analog or digital, are included in the call, identifying the telephone number of the calling device. In other words, ANI identifies the number of the calling party.
anonymous FTP
Allows a user to retrieve documents, files, programs, and other archived data from anywhere on the Internet without having to establish a userid and password. By using the special userid of anonymous, the network user will bypass local security checks and
will have access to publicly accessible files on the remote system. See FTP.
ANP
automatic numbering plan.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute. Voluntary organization composed of corporate, government, and other members that coordinates standards-related activities, approves U.S. national standards, and develops positions for the United States in internationalstandards organizations. ANSI helps develop international and U.S. standards relating to, among other things, communications and networking. ANSI is a member of the IEC and the ISO. See also IEC and ISO.
ANSI X3T9.5
See X3T9.5.
anycast
In ATM, an address that can be shared by multiple end systems. An anycast address can be used to route a request to a node that provides a particular service.
AOW
Asia and Oceania Workshop. One of the three regional OSI Implementors Workshops.See also EWOS.
APaRT
See APaRT (Automated Packet Recognition/Translation) in the “Cisco Systems Terms and Acronyms” section.
APC
adjacent point code. The point code of the next hop in the system for the bearer channels; usually it is the STP (signal transfer point).
API
Application Programming Interface. Specification of function-call conventions that defines an interface to a service.
APNIC
Asia Pacific Network Information Center. Nonprofit Internet registry organization for the Asia Pacific region. The other Internet registries are currently IANA, RIPE NCC and InterNIC.
Apollo Domain
Proprietary network protocol suite developed by Apollo Computer for communication on proprietary Apollo networks.
APPC
Advanced Program-to-Program Communication. IBM SNA system software that allows high-speed communication between programs on different computers in a distributed computing environment. APPC establishes and tears down connections between communicating programs. It consists of two interfaces: programming and data-exchange. The programming interface replies to requests from programs requiring communication; the data-exchange interface establishes sessions between programs.APPC runs on LU 6.2 devices. See also LU 6.2.
applet
Small program, often used in the context of a Java-based program, that is compiled and embedded in an HTML page. See ActiveX and Java.
AppleTalk
Series of communications protocols designed by Apple Computer consisting of two phases. Phase 1, the earlier version, supports a single physical network that can have only one network number and be in one zone. Phase 2, supports multiple logical networks on a single physical network and allows networks to be in more than one zone.
See also zone.
AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol
See AARP.
AppleTalk Filing Protocol
See AFP.
AppleTalk Echo Protocol
See AEP.
AppleTalk Remote Access
See ARA.
AppleTalk Session Protocol
See ASP.
AppleTalk Transaction Protocol
See ATP.
AppleTalk Update-Based Routing Protocol
See AURP.
AppleTalk zone
See zone.
application
Program that performs a function directly for a user. FTP and Telnet clients are examples of network applications.
application layer
Layer 7 of the OSI reference model. This layer provides services to application processes (such as e-mail, file transfer, and terminal emulation) that are outside of the OSI model. The application layer identifies and establishes the availability of intended communication partners (and the resources required to connect with them), synchronizes cooperating applications, and establishes agreement on procedures for error recovery and control of data integrity. Corresponds roughly with the transaction services layer in the SNA model. See also data-link layer, network layer, physical layer,PQ, session layer, and transport layer.
application programming interface
See API.
APPN
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking. Enhancement to the original IBM SNA architecture. APPN handles session establishment between peer nodes, dynamic transparent route calculation, and traffic prioritization for APPC traffic. Compare with APPN+. See also APPC.
APPN+
Next-generation APPN that replaces the label-swapping routing algorithm with source routing. Also called high-performance routing. See also APPN.
APS
automatic protection switching. SONET switching mechanism that routes traffic from working lines to protect them in case of a line card failure or fiber cut.
ARA
AppleTalk Remote Access. Protocol that provides Macintosh users direct access to information and resources at a remote AppleTalk site.
Archie
System that provides lists of anonymous FTP archives. See Gopher, WAIS, and World Wide Web.
ARCnet
Attached Resource Computer Network. 2.5-Mbps token-bus LAN developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by Datapoint Corporation.
area
Logical set of network segments (CLNS-, DECnet-, or OSPF-based) and their attached devices. Areas are usually connected to other areas via routers, making up a single autonomous system. See also autonomous system.
area border router
See ABR.
ARIN
American Registry for Internet Numbers. Nonprofit organization established for the purpose of administrating and registrating IP numbers to the geographical areas currently managed by Network Solutions (InterNIC). Those areas include, but are not limited to, North America, South America, South Africa, and the Caribbean.
ARM
asynchronous response mode. HDLC communication mode involving one primary station and at least one secondary station, where either the primary or one of the secondary stations can initiate transmissions. See also primary station and secondary station.
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol. Internet protocol used to map an IP address to a MAC address. Defined in RFC 826. Compare with RARP. See also proxy ARP.
【中国思科培训网】-思科(CISCO) CCNA、CCNP、CCIE 认证培训第一品牌！
transmitting terminal. See also T1.
alarm
SNMP message notifying an operator or administrator of a network problem. See also event and trap.
alarm indication signal
See AIS.
a-law
ITU-T companding standard used in the conversion between analog and digital signals in PCM systems. A-law is used primarily in European telephone networks and is similar to the North American mu-law standard. See also companding and mu-law.
algorithm
Well-defined rule or process for arriving at a solution to a problem. In networking,algorithms are commonly used to determine the best route for traffic from a particular source to a particular destination.
alias
See entity.
alignment error
In IEEE 802.3 networks, an error that occurs when the total number of bits of a received frame is not divisible by eight. Alignment errors are usually caused by frame damage due to collisions.
A-link
SS7 access link. Dedicated SS7 signaling link not physically associated with any particular link carrying traffic.
allowed cell rate
See ACOM.
all-rings explorer packet
See all-routes explorer packet.
all-routes explorer packet
Explorer packet that traverses an entire SRB network, following all possible paths to a specific destination. Sometimes called all-rings explorer packet. See also explorer packet, local explorer packet, and spanning explorer packet.
ALO transaction
ATP transaction in which the request is repeated until a response is received by the requester or until a maximum retry count is reached. This recovery mechanism ensures that the transaction request is executed at least once. See also ATP.
alternate mark inversion
See AMI.
AM
amplitude modulation. Modulation technique whereby information is conveyed through the amplitude of the carrier signal. Compare with FM and PAM. See also modulation.
AMA
Automatic Messaging Accounting. In OSS, the automatic collection, recording, and processing of information relating to calls for billing purposes.
AMADNS
AMAData Networking System. In OSS, the next generation (formerly Bellcore) system for the collection and transport of AMA data from central office switches to a billing system. See also AMA.
AMATPS
AMA Teleprocessing System. In OSS, the Bellcore legacy system for collecting and transporting AMA data from central office switches to a billing system. The AMATPS consists of an AMA transmitter and a collector. See also AMA.
American National Standards Institute
See ANP.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
See ASCII.
AMI
alternate mark inversion. Line-code type used on T1 and E1 circuits. In AMI, zeros are represented by 01 during each bit cell, and ones are represented by 11 or 00, alternately, during each bit cell. AMI requires that the sending device maintain ones density. Ones
density is not maintained independently of the data stream. Sometimes called binary coded alternate mark inversion. Compare with B8ZS. See also ones density.
amplitude
Maximum value of an analog or a digital waveform.
amplitude modulation
See AM.
analog transmission
Signal transmission over wires or through the air in which information is conveyed through the variation of some combination of signal amplitude, frequency, and phase.
ANI
automatic number identification. SS7 (signaling system 7) feature in which a series of digits, either analog or digital, are included in the call, identifying the telephone number of the calling device. In other words, ANI identifies the number of the calling party.
anonymous FTP
Allows a user to retrieve documents, files, programs, and other archived data from anywhere on the Internet without having to establish a userid and password. By using the special userid of anonymous, the network user will bypass local security checks and
will have access to publicly accessible files on the remote system. See FTP.
ANP
automatic numbering plan.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute. Voluntary organization composed of corporate, government, and other members that coordinates standards-related activities, approves U.S. national standards, and develops positions for the United States in internationalstandards organizations. ANSI helps develop international and U.S. standards relating to, among other things, communications and networking. ANSI is a member of the IEC and the ISO. See also IEC and ISO.
ANSI X3T9.5
See X3T9.5.
anycast
In ATM, an address that can be shared by multiple end systems. An anycast address can be used to route a request to a node that provides a particular service.
AOW
Asia and Oceania Workshop. One of the three regional OSI Implementors Workshops.See also EWOS.
APaRT
See APaRT (Automated Packet Recognition/Translation) in the “Cisco Systems Terms and Acronyms” section.
APC
adjacent point code. The point code of the next hop in the system for the bearer channels; usually it is the STP (signal transfer point).
API
Application Programming Interface. Specification of function-call conventions that defines an interface to a service.
APNIC
Asia Pacific Network Information Center. Nonprofit Internet registry organization for the Asia Pacific region. The other Internet registries are currently IANA, RIPE NCC and InterNIC.
Apollo Domain
Proprietary network protocol suite developed by Apollo Computer for communication on proprietary Apollo networks.
APPC
Advanced Program-to-Program Communication. IBM SNA system software that allows high-speed communication between programs on different computers in a distributed computing environment. APPC establishes and tears down connections between communicating programs. It consists of two interfaces: programming and data-exchange. The programming interface replies to requests from programs requiring communication; the data-exchange interface establishes sessions between programs.APPC runs on LU 6.2 devices. See also LU 6.2.
applet
Small program, often used in the context of a Java-based program, that is compiled and embedded in an HTML page. See ActiveX and Java.
AppleTalk
Series of communications protocols designed by Apple Computer consisting of two phases. Phase 1, the earlier version, supports a single physical network that can have only one network number and be in one zone. Phase 2, supports multiple logical networks on a single physical network and allows networks to be in more than one zone.
See also zone.
AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol
See AARP.
AppleTalk Filing Protocol
See AFP.
AppleTalk Echo Protocol
See AEP.
AppleTalk Remote Access
See ARA.
AppleTalk Session Protocol
See ASP.
AppleTalk Transaction Protocol
See ATP.
AppleTalk Update-Based Routing Protocol
See AURP.
AppleTalk zone
See zone.
application
Program that performs a function directly for a user. FTP and Telnet clients are examples of network applications.
application layer
Layer 7 of the OSI reference model. This layer provides services to application processes (such as e-mail, file transfer, and terminal emulation) that are outside of the OSI model. The application layer identifies and establishes the availability of intended communication partners (and the resources required to connect with them), synchronizes cooperating applications, and establishes agreement on procedures for error recovery and control of data integrity. Corresponds roughly with the transaction services layer in the SNA model. See also data-link layer, network layer, physical layer,PQ, session layer, and transport layer.
application programming interface
See API.
APPN
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking. Enhancement to the original IBM SNA architecture. APPN handles session establishment between peer nodes, dynamic transparent route calculation, and traffic prioritization for APPC traffic. Compare with APPN+. See also APPC.
APPN+
Next-generation APPN that replaces the label-swapping routing algorithm with source routing. Also called high-performance routing. See also APPN.
APS
automatic protection switching. SONET switching mechanism that routes traffic from working lines to protect them in case of a line card failure or fiber cut.
ARA
AppleTalk Remote Access. Protocol that provides Macintosh users direct access to information and resources at a remote AppleTalk site.
Archie
System that provides lists of anonymous FTP archives. See Gopher, WAIS, and World Wide Web.
ARCnet
Attached Resource Computer Network. 2.5-Mbps token-bus LAN developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by Datapoint Corporation.
area
Logical set of network segments (CLNS-, DECnet-, or OSPF-based) and their attached devices. Areas are usually connected to other areas via routers, making up a single autonomous system. See also autonomous system.
area border router
See ABR.
ARIN
American Registry for Internet Numbers. Nonprofit organization established for the purpose of administrating and registrating IP numbers to the geographical areas currently managed by Network Solutions (InterNIC). Those areas include, but are not limited to, North America, South America, South Africa, and the Caribbean.
ARM
asynchronous response mode. HDLC communication mode involving one primary station and at least one secondary station, where either the primary or one of the secondary stations can initiate transmissions. See also primary station and secondary station.
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol. Internet protocol used to map an IP address to a MAC address. Defined in RFC 826. Compare with RARP. See also proxy ARP.
- 最新文章
- 思科网络词典—A（续1）[02-01]
- 思科网络词典—A[02-01]
- 思科网络词典—Numerics[02-01]
- 英国银行Lloyds TSB网络解决方案[02-01]
- 思科自防御网络战略进入崭新阶段[02-01]
- 商业银行安全网络的解决方案[02-01]
- 相关文章
- 思科网络词典—A（续1）[02-01]
- 思科网络词典—A[02-01]
- 思科网络词典—Numerics[02-01]
- 英国银行Lloyds TSB网络解决方案[02-01]
- 思科自防御网络战略进入崭新阶段[02-01]
- 商业银行安全网络的解决方案[02-01]
